                   2   14

              2   
                2  

     _2ਭ:.1 ⥫쭠 ⠭,  ᫥0-
                     10 1ࠧ殢.

     2 ࠡ0: 1ᯥਬ⠫쭮 祭 0 1᭮ 0-
                  1୮⥩,   ७ ᪮0-
                  1,   ⠪ 0 1७ 祭.  ஬
                  1⮣,0 1 । 0 1 樥
                  1७  鸞 ਠ.

                     2७ ᪮즥

       ॠ 堭᪨   ⥬ -
   ᨫ  ७,  ⢨   뢠  -
設⢥ 砥  ॢ饭 堭᪮ ࣨ  ⥯.
      ६饭  ⥫ ⭮⥫쭮 㣮  
孮  ᫮    ⮣    ⥫  ⭮⥮쭮
 㣠  ᮯ⨢,  ࠪਧ饥 冷
,  ⮬ ᫥ 1ᨫ ७0 2F0. : ᨫ _-
_ .७    ᨫ ᮯ⨢,  ⠭樠 ⭮-
⥫쭮 ६饭   ⥫    ᮯਪ᭮,
 ᨫ  _७ .७  ᨫ ᮯ⨢,  ⠭-
 ⭮⥫쭮  ६饭  ᫮  ।  ⭮⥫쭮
 㣠.
     ࠪ୮ ᮡ 譥 ७  -
稥 1ᨫ ७ 0,  ।塞  ।쭠 ⠭-
쭠 ᨫ,   ⢨ ன 稭 ⭮⥫쭮
६饭 ᮯਪ ⥫.
     譥 ७    ६騬 -
 (1묨0)  孮ﬨ   ⥫,   ⠪ 
孮ﬨ, 묨 ᨤ묨 ᫮ﬨ.
     ࠪ᪨ 㤭   () -
. ⠢訥,   ਫ訥,  ࡨ஢  -
⭮ ⨢  ࠧ  孮 ⠪ 뢠-
 1࠭ ᫮0,  ᨫ쭮 騥    ७.  
⮬ 砥 譥 ७   1࠭ ७.
.
                           - 2 -

     ᭮   ᨫ 譥 ७   -
  ⮭ - 㫮,  .. :

                     F = f(N + P400S400).                  (1)

 2f0  - 1樥 ७ ᪮즥0,  2N0 - ଠ쭠 -
㧪, 2P400 - 1㤥쭠 0 (ᨫ ਫ,  ⭥񭭠 
 頤),2S400 - 頤 ⨭ ⠪. ந-
 A = P400S400 뢠 1⠭樠쭮 .










                           .1.
 㫥  㧪  ᨫ  ७ ࠢ 2A0  ।
묨 ᨫ ਫ 孮⥩ -  .
      ७ । 樥⮬ ७ 2f0. ᯥ-
ਬ⠫  뢠,    稭  樥
७    ⠭⮩,     ਠ  -
孮⥩,  ண᪮ 䨫, ᬠ, 
।   㣨 䠪஢.
      ᫥    ७        ࠡ
ᯮ _⮤   ⭨.,  । .
.. 嬠⮢.  ਪ 1 (.1.), 襭  , -
ࠥ     ᪮  2,  㣮  ன __
 .  ᫨ 뢥 ਪ   ࠢ,
   ४뢠  ᪮,    
 ࠪ ,      ࠧ  
⢨ 譥 ७.   ᫥ ७ ᪮즥-
 ਪ    ᨢ 䨧᪨ ⭨,
 ⥫ ண ९ ,  騩  
⭨   ᪮. ଠ쭠 ⠢ ᨫ
殮 ᮧ ଠ쭮 

                           - 3 -

                       N = mg cos7b0                       (2)

 2m0 -  ⭨.
     ७ ᨫ  ७       ⭨
᭮   ७ 㬥襭    
।񭭮 ᫮ 横.     樥
७   ,  ࠢ ࠡ ᨫ ७ ࣨ
72Ep0, ﭭ  横  ⭨.
      2n0 横   室   B  -
 '(.1.) ⭨  ࣨ 72E0p = 2mg72h0, ࠢ
ࠡ ᨫ ᮯ⨢  ன  2S0:

                       70Ep = 70A + 70A410                    (3)

 72A0  -  ࠡ ᨫ ७,  (70A = FS), 72A410 - ࠡ 
८ ᮯ⨢ ।  ७   ⭨,
72h0 -   業஬ 殮.
     ७ॣ 72A410    , 

                        mg70h = FS                      (4)

     ᫥ ᪨   ८ࠧ,   祢   
㭪, 뢠 (2), 

                  mg70l sin 7b0 = fmg cos 7b0 S               (5)

㤠  2f0 砥
                      f = (70l/S)tg 7b0,                    (6)
 70l = OE - OD.
     ᫨ 7a400 - 㤭 祭 㣫 ⪫ ⭨
  砫  ,  7a4n0 - 㤠 ⪫ १ 2n0 -
 (.1), 2L0 -  ⭨,  ,  -
 業 殮 ⭨  2n0 , ࠢ

          S = 4nL7a40,        7a40 = ( 7a400 + 7a4n0 )/2

     ⥫쭮  樥 ७ ᪮즥 -
   7a400  7a4n0 (뢠,  cos7a0 = 1 - 7a520/2).

      f = tg7b0(cos7a4n0-cos7a400)/2n(7a400+7a4n0)7 ~0 tg7b0(7a400-7a4n0)/4n     (7)

      7a400  7a4n0 - 㣫, ࠦ  ࠤ.

                           - 4 -
7
                       2७ 祭.

     ७ 祭   ४뢠 樫 
  孮 म⥫.  ७ -
  ᭨ ଠﬨ 樫  ᪮, -
騬   ॠ ᫮.  ⮬   
                         㣨 ⠪  ᪨ ଠ-
                         樨. -  ଠ権  孮
                          ⢨ ᨫ  ॠ樨  2Q  0
                         ᮢ     ⢨  ᨫ
                         ଠ쭮  2N  0(.2),  
                         襬 砥   ࠢ    ⪠.
                         ଠ쭠 ⠢ 2Q4n0 ⮩ -
                         樨  ᪮ ࠪ᪨ ࠢ
                         ਫ ଠ쭮 㧪  2N0,
                          ਧ⠫쭠       ⠢
                         ।⠢ ᮡ ᨫ ७ 2F40.
                         ᫨ 樫       
                         ᪮  ᪮७,  -
                          _ࠢ  ࠢ⢠ -
_⮢..  ᨫ ७ 祭 ⭮⥫쭮 窨  O  ࠢ
ந ᨫ ॠ樨 7 0 2Q4n0  ﭨ ᬥ饭 2k
᫥⢨ ⠪ ଠ権 窨 ਫ:

                       F40 R = Q4n0 k,                     (8)

 2k0 -  ᨫ 2Q4n 7~0 2N0, 2R0 - ࠤ .   ᨫ
७ 祭 砥 ᫥饥 ࠦ
                        F40 7~0  k(N/R).
     稭 2k0 뢠 1樥⮬ ७ 祭0. -
樥 ७ 祭,  ⠪ ࠧ,  ।⠢  ᮡ
 ᨫ 2Q4n0   ࠧ୮ .
       ࠡ  樥  ७  祭    
᪮ ।  ⥬   ⮤  ⭨,
  樥 ७ ᪮즥.   ⮬ 砥  ⭨
।⠢ ਪ,  襭    騩  -
 ᪮,  堭   ⮣ ⭨ -
  ࠧ ७ 祭.

                           - 5 -
     ࠦ (5)  ⮣  ਬ 

                 mg770l770sin7b0 = kmg770cos7b70S/R,              (9)

 2R0 - ࠤ .
 ᫥ ࠦ, 뢠 ᪨ ᮮ⭮襭
 70l,   㣫7 a0, ࠦ  ࠤ, 砥

     k = Rtg7b0(cos7a4n0-cos7a400)/2n(7a400+7a4n0)7 ~0 Rtg7b0(7a400-7a4n0)/4n   (10)

                         _७

         _। 樥 ७ 祭.

     1.  ᪮ ⠭    -
 7b0   ⨪.   ⢮  㣮  7a400 7~0 5-1050   
⮫窠 ᪠. 뢠 ᫮  2n0,  ஥
㤠  㬥  7a ~0 250.4  7a4n0 = 7a400 - 7a0.
     2. ⥬,   ⮣  㣫, ⠩ ᫮ -
,      350  450.
      㫥 (10)  2k0,  2k40  4 0砩
譮 ७.
     3. ⠭  ᪮  㣨 㣫  7b
 த  ७   㣫.

      ⮢  㤮⢠   ⠡ 1.
                                                    1
Ŀ
  7b0  7a0   7a4n10 n410  k410  7a4n20 n420  k420  7a4n30 n430  k430  k40
Ĵ
 4  0                                             
Ĵ
 4  0                                             
Ĵ
 4  0                                             


     ᭨, ᪮쪮 祭 2k0 ⫨   -
  ࠧ 7b0.
.
                           - 6 -

      _७ ᨬ ਮ   㣫 7b0.

      㣮  7b0   1050 < 7b0 < 4050. 
 7b0  ᥪ㭤஬ ਮ .  -
७ ஢   㣫 7b0  2-3 ࠧ  ࠧ
㣫 7a0 << 7b0.
      ᪮ ⠭ ⨪쭮, 7b0 = 050.
⭨ ⢥  㣮 7a0 = 5-1050   ⮫窠 .
ᥪ㭤஬ 
                        ___
               T400 = 27p0 7?0l/g

     ⥬  ᪮  ⠭   ࠧ묨
㣫 7b0 = 1050, 1550, 2050, 2550, 3050, 3550, 4050.   7b0
 ਮ T.    ⠡ 2.
                                                    2

Ŀ
   5  0  05o0  105o0  155o0  205o0  255o0  305o0  355o0  405o0 
Ĵ
 T5  0                                         
Ĵ
 T52  0                                        
Ĵ
510/4sin0                                        

                                                           
        ன 䨪 ᨬ
520  1/sin 7b0.
.
                           - 8 -

              _堭᪠  ਡ

     ਡ " ⭨ FPM-07" ।⠢  . .
      ᭮ 2, ᭠񭭮  ॣ㫨㥬묨 -
, ਪ९ ᥪ㭤 FPM-14.  ᭮ ९-
 㡠 3,   ன ᬮ஢  4  筮 -
।祩. ।⢮    筠  ।  ᮥ  
஭⥩ 5,   ஬ ਪ९ 誠 6  誠 7.  
஭⥩ ९  8,  ன 襭  
   9.  ஭⥩ 5  ࠢ騬 ⠭-
 ࠧ 10.
       ⭨ ᯮ ⮪ 11.   ஭-
⥩ 5 ਢ祭 ᪨ 稪 12.   -
  ⢨稢  . ᪨ 稪
ᮥ  ᥪ㭤஬.
      楢        ⥭ ᥪ㭤
।⠢  . .

        _㭪樮쭮 祭  ࠢ

      楢  ᥪ㭤 室  ᫥騥
:
     () - 몫⥫  .    祭  
⢫ ᢥ祭 ஢ ஢  窨 -
᪮ 稪.
     () -  ⥫.  ⨥ ⮩  -
 㫥 稪   ⥫쭮 ⠭.
     () - 砭 ७.

.
                           - 9 -

                    _஫ 

     1. 뢥  ࠢ     -
⭨   ᪮.   ७ ⠩   -
饩  ᪮. ࠧ 襭  䠧 ᪮
   (10).
     2.    ⭮⥫쭮 譮 -
७.
     3.   , ⮫騭  ਠ   १-
 ?


                         _

     1.  ..,   ..  "ࠪ⨪  䨧.
堭." .1990
     2. 쥢










     ᠭ   ࠡ⠬    :
		     www.uniyar.ac.ru/~dingo

.



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		      ⮤᪨ 㪠







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	 ᫠᪨ 㤠⢥ 㭨. 1997
.
